Mobile Korea

This is the New Orgization Chart of Samsung after the recent shakeup.

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Today I have read an interesting article about the current situation on the Korean mobile TV market. It is motivated by the recent event, that TU Media has been able to acquire the simultaneous re-transmisson rights from MBC. This represents a big step for TU Media but it comes two and a half years too late.

As TU Media started operation mid 2005 it tried to acquire simultaneous re-transmission rights from broadcasters. This means that S-DMB viewers would be able to watch popular dramas and shows from fixed TV at the same time as on fixed TV. These contents are the most popular contents on both, fixed and mobile TV. However, at that time broadcasters were reluctant to share these contents because they wanted to use it for their own T-DMB service. Due to that S-DMB had to focus on other contents like sports and news. But the lack of “killer” contents from fixed TV hindered S-DMB development (as shown in the graphic above). Until today it had been able to acquire approximately 1.26 million subscribers. But according to TU Media they need approximately 2.5 million subscribers to be profitable. As a result, as reported two weeks ago, SK Telecom is thinking about limiting its involvement in TU Media.

But also T-DMB is struggling to build a profitable business. Despite more than seven million T-DMB devices in Korea the advertising revenues are marginal. Which partially is the result of very restrictive legislation on advertising but also broadcasters have failed to develop an attractive mobile advertising value proposition to make this channel more attractive for advertisers.

Experts are blaming policy for allowing two different mobile TV standards and businesses. Their competition was one of the main obstacles that mobile TV could not develop its full potential. So is mobile TV doomed in Korea? I do not think so, because consumers have embraced this new medium and it is very likely that broadcasters will take mobile TV more serious and endeavor to make mobile TV advertising more attractive for broadcasters. Until 2012 more than 20 million T-DMB devices are expected, so mobile TV has a future in Korea. In these days I am finalizing the mobile TV report I have been working on recently, so if you are interested in a more thourough analysis of the Korean mobile TV market contact me. I am eager to share it with everybody who might be interested.

I am about to move this blog to a new top domain site - www.koreaninsight.com. Until it is up and running as I wish, feel free to drop by or give suggestions what you want to see on the new site.

The mobile and entertainment industries are increasingly merging and next week, from December 5^th to 7th, a very interesting mobile and media business conference sponsored by Informa telecoms & media is about to take place in Suntec/Singapore. On Wednesday the “mobile TV Asia Summit” is taking place, followed by the two days event of “Mobile entertainment Media Asia 2007”.

The event is tagged: “Where media meets mobile in Asia”. So it combines two of the most dynamic industries with the most dynamic region. With South Korea and Japan Asia has the two most sophisticated mobile markets in the world and it also the growth motor of global mobile industry. Hence both events offer the chance to understand this region better as well as to learn and take best practices from the world’s leading. The event is an excellent platform for networking and to make business partnerships which will enhance any Asian market business strategy or benchmarking projects.

The conferences will feature agenda setting keynote sessions, and streams discussing the most exciting industry issues. It’s truly an honor for me to be selected to chair the “Mobile TV Asia Summit” on Wednesday December 5^th. I will be the first to speak with the title, “Accelerating the Uptake of Mobile TV in Asia”. Afterwards I will be moderating the remaining sessions and discussions.

I sincerely hope to meet many of you interested and I look forward discussing with you.
For more information on the events visit here.

There are rumors in Korean press that SK Telecom is hesitant to inject more money in its S-DMB business and TU Media, because reaching the break-even is unlikely. Although subscribers have reached almost 1.3 million in September 2007 TU Media has generated only losses. Together with initial investments of about 250 million USD overall this venture could have cost SK Telecom more than 500 million USD since beginning of operation.

There are several factors for missing commercial success of S-DMB, some of them are:

1. Targeting the mass market SK Telecom has underestimated the importance of acquiring popular contents from terrestrial TV. Upon the launch of S-DMB it had been too naïve and expected to get rights for retransmitting contents from the broadcasters. However with T-DMB in the pipeline they had been reluctant to share these contents.

2. Launching the satellite (it had been launched in cooperation with a Japanese company MBCo) and building the infrastructure almost by itself required significant funding, estimated to be about 250 million USD.

3. When entering the market it relied too much on existing skills and thus pursued a subscription based model, making a success on the mass market very unlikely.

4. Also Korean government is not free from blame. It issued licenses for mobile TV to two different parties with a diametrically different approach. Subscription based S-DMB and free T-DMB. Due to this both sides could not exploit the full market potential of mobile TV in Korea.

5. Being direct competitors in the mobile market KTF and LG have been reluctant to promote S-DMB, because it is a service of a direct competitor.

Although TU Media has not been a commercial success it can provide very valuable lessons to interested players in the mobile TV market, especially in the Western world where mobile TV is about to be launched.

1. Content is king – it has to be tailored to your targeted audience else your business is doomed. If targeting the mass market popular formats from TV is crucial.

2. Initial investments have to be balanced carefully and should not burden the future development too much.

3. Especially as an MNOs may not underestimate the importance of the right content.

These are just some of my thoughts. I am currently working on a report about the lessons learnt from two years of mobile TV market in Korea in which these things will be elaborated in more detail. Once it is finished I am willing to share it with everybody who is interested. So please do not hesitate to contact me.

A Korean gaming news website published results of a survey among young internet users. The survey has been conducted by two websites www.Puppyred.com and www.ontooniverse.com among 86.000 surfers aged 8-13. Puppyred.com is something like Second Life for children, whereas Ontooniverse.com is a website of a cable TV program comparable to Cartoon Network. Despite a likely bias in the survey population some of the results are fascinating and frightening at the same time.

Approximately 62% of the participants use the internet 1-2 hours a day. This may not sound a lot to you but in Korea even young school children return from school around 6 p.m. or even later. Subtracting time for having dinner and eventual homework these two hours represent probably 80%-90% of their free time during one day. This is underlined by the fact that 92% surf from home. What do the kids do online on their virtual playground? Well the same thing we used to do on real playgrounds, i.e. playing (39% play online games) and meeting friends (27% work on their “Minihompi” or visit their friends’ “Minihompis”). In connection to that it is not surprising that CyWorld is the second most popular website (29%) just after naver (57%).

This trend underlines the appearance of a truly digital youth. However in Korea it gets an almost dangerous dimension which ultimately will further increase problems like internet addiction. On the other hand this early embrace of the internet and its virtual worlds is a good explanation why Koreans usually are regarded as tech savvy, which enhances the development of new services and businesses in the TMT sector.

As a supplement of Friday’s posting I have found the official video press release on www.futurizekorea.com – another interesting technology related blog about Korea. Have a look at this video, which shows the video phone application in action.

Following the Broadband Convergence Network program (initiated by the Ministry of Information and Communication), Yujin Robot, Spread Telecom and KTF have worked together to create a new domestic robot. Based on a vacuum cleaner model, like the iClebo, this prototype is able to communicate with your mobile phone, in order to let you control it, and send you a text message when somebody comes into your house. This is another step in the government initiative to make robots a common tool, in the everyday life, available to a large array of people. The country heralds a goal of a 100% robot market penetration by 2020.

Tellingly, using the near universal broadband access, Korean companies are making robots closer to people, through this so-called control of robots : we can follow the robot journey in the house, and the robot can help us staying closer to our home. Therefore, the technological convergence is also a distance convergence. New technologies help you to reduce the distance between you and your house or relatives. In Korea, new technologies are progressively integrated in the Korean everyday life, by addressing emotional and personal matters, as our home security. This is true for the robots, but this is also true for the mobile phone , as I said yesterday.

Today I have found a very interesting blog entry “The future of mobile carriers is here. It is called SK Telecom”, which is worth reading. In short it lists a portfolio of companies acquired by SK Telecom on its endeavor to diversify its business portfolio beyond being a wireless carrier, which is likely to become “dumb bit pipes” in the future.
At this SK Telecom is acting similar to Google’s strategy of continuous expansion into new business areas. This has been termed as the “Google Galaxy” by ZDNet and SK Telecom is building its own “Solar System” with various areas (I prefer this term because SK Telecoms endeavors so far are on a smaller scale). In this context it is not surprising that these companies also share common goals, which manifested in a strategic alliance announced a year ago. Both companies cooperate in the development of a mobile search solution.

Looking at all this I have some rough thoughts which I would like to share with you:

1. “Content” is becoming increasingly crucial.
For MNOs it is critical to acquire attractive contents for their services, the mobile TV market is another good example for this development.

2. Convergence is reality.
Convergence of media is not only a buzz word but already happening. It opens new business opportunities but at the same time endangers players which will not adapt to the new market environment.

3. It is a buyer’s not a seller’s market.
Instead of introducing services and expecting customers to adopt them, MNOs have to start developing services tailored to customers’ demands and needs.

4. Mobile is the center of digital life.
The mobile will become increasingly important, it will not only be a device to call other people but one of the most important entertainment and communication devices. For some time now SK Telecom is focusing its communication and advertising underlining the emotional and “human” aspects of the mobile and how it has become an integral part of Koreans’ everyday life.

To be successful in this fast moving environment it is crucial to stay up to date with the latest developments and in my point of view Korea is one of the places worth having a look at.

It looks like the competition between the two giants LG and Samsung will have the next round among new 3g phones. It is said that in response to the newly released LG KU990, Samsung is about to release its new model W380 with similar technological features. 5 mega pixels camera, optical zoom and other beneficial features will make it a hard nut for LG to crack.

However, once again it becomes obvious how mature the HSDPA market in Korea is, in comparison to Western markets. The new Samsung phone has up to 7.2 Mbps of HSDPA speed (compared with LG's 3.2 Mbps for its use in Europe). What one should keep in mind is that the technology, on both the handset and network side, keeps evolving and with it the services. The greater bandwidth and mature market in Korea create an interesting experimental ground for new services which require more bandwidth. User generated contents (like videos), broadband mobile gaming and other demanding services are all world leading in Korea today.

As you might know approximately one month ago we had presidential primaries of one party in which voting via SMS was allowed. Moreover the upcoming presidential election (held mid December) will be the first one with a reduced voting age (19 instead of 20 years of age). These two factors have increased the importance of young voters for policy makers, although the “thumb generation” is claimed to be relatively apolitical.

A way how this could be changed is a newly published mobile game called “President Tycoon” in which you have to lead your virtual character to victory. It can be downloaded on a Korean mobile for approximately 1 USD. Considering a mobile penetration of above 90% in the segment of 18-24 year olds in my point of view this could be a good way to sensitize this segment for political issues. In my point of view one logical extension of this model would be to utilize it for a certain candidate or party, provide it as a free download and utilize real contents from the political program – this would be real edutainment for the “thumb generation”. And also for the upcoming “thumb generations” in other countries.

In connection with yesterday’s posting I have found another interesting article in the New York Times. “In Korea, a boot camp cure for web obsession”, shows another example for my statement yesterday that Korea is leading in facing the challenges of digital society.
This article describes boot camp like institutions for young people who are addicted to the internet. I do not want to give a summary of the article but instead give you some interesting excerpts.

“South Korea boasts of being the most wired nation on earth. In fact, perhaps no other country has so fully embraced the Internet.”
“Compulsive Internet use has been identified as a mental health issue in other countries, including the United States. However, it may be a particularly acute problem in South Korea because of the country’s nearly universal Internet access.”
““Korea has been most aggressive in embracing the Internet,” said Koh Young-sam, head of the government-run Internet Addiction Counseling Center. “Now we have to lead in dealing with its consequences.”
“Korea is on the leading edge,” Dr. Block said. “They are ahead in defining and researching the problem, and recognize as a society that they have a major issue.”

I can only repeat myself: Korea is not only the place to look for business opportunities in the TMT sector but also if you are interested which challenges arise for the digital society and how they can be tackled.

Recently I have read the case of little Megan who has committed suicide over a fake virtual boy friend created by some peers. Apart from the human tragedy behind the story what struck are two facts. Firstly the careless abuse of MySpace by peers, who considered the whole thing being a joke. Secondly the fact that often laws do not seem to be ready for the challenges of digital society. In Megan’s case e.g. no law has been violated because no such law exists.
Since Korean society is more “wired” than any other in the world, we encounter similar problems or have encountered them even earlier. At this Korean government and society try to be proactive as possible in facing the challenges of digital society. One example, which is also applicable to the case above, is the anonymity of the internet in social networking sites and forums, which has been a serious problem in Koreain the past. Government addressed this issue by introducing an obligation to verify your internet egos with your real ID. This is to prevent abuse because people are aware of the fact that they are not anonymous anymore (in the light of privacy security this may not be the best solution though). However punishing is one thing but creating a feeling of unethical behavior is a completely different one and in Megan’s case both had been missing. Concerning the latter a good example is a media campaign which had been launched in order to sensitize people that cyber bullying is unethical behavior and can have serious consequences. Below you may find an ad out of this campaign, the spoken text is something like: “Destroying one’s soul is terror which is crueler than terror”.







So overall Korea is not only a place for business opportunities but it is also worth having a look at if you are searching for examples how policy can tackle the challenges of digital society.

are one of the reasons for the success of SK Telecom. (In the last years SK Telecom has been able to achieve and maintain a market share of around 50%.) An example for the segment specific approach is the existence of three different payment plans for specific age segments: TTL (18-24), TING (13-17) and TINGjunior (under 12).

Each of the payment plans does not only have a tailored communication, exemplified by three different websites as shown above, but also tailored services and pricing. E.g. Ting is offering reduced rates weekdays (between 21:00-24:00 – the time when teenagers come back from school) and during certain periods (summer and winter vacation). Moreover offers and deals on the website are customized to the target groups needs, featuring free educational content (TINGjunior), events and cinema (TING) and the possibility to set a spending limit (both). Additionally SK Telecom is offering child care services, e.g. location notification once your child leaves a designated zone, tracking and emergency SMS so do not need to worry. Targeting specific segments allows MNOs to provide relevant services, which add value in the eyes of the customers which again leads to higher ARPU. In the Western world this segment specific approach has been chosen by many MVNOs, but in order to increase ARPU and educate users to utilize their data related services it is crucial for MNOs to go the same way.

Android the open source operating system for mobile devices is cheered throughout Western media. It is considered as a milestone which will lower production cost for handsets (and thus for consumers), enlarge potential markets for developers (because they will not need to focus on one manufacturer) and at the same time educate consumers to finally embrace mobile data services. In my point of view the impact on the Korean market will be smaller. My expectation is that especially handset manufacturers will profit from lower hardware requirements, shorter production cycles and thus lower cost. This is why both major handset manufacturers like Samsung and LG have joined the alliance. However Android is not very likely to affect consumers as much as it will on Western markets.

In contrast to Europe Korean MNOs do not fight for market share but try to increase ARPU this results in the fact that data related services are much more sophisticated than in the rest of the World. Already nowadays with approx. 26% of SK Telecoms revenues coming from data related services, customers are “educated” to use them. Moreover SK Telecom has recently partially opened its interface for third party developers and more importantly services which will be developed for Android are likely to be inspired by Korean existing value added services. Due to the sophistication of the Korean mobile market Western developers can use it as a visionary ground in which they can observe what the latest developments in value added services are and which services really add value. So developers who want to join the “gold rush” which Google has announced recently (with a total of 10 million USD for promising Android applications) should have a close look on the Korean mobile market.

SK Telecom has announced that user number of “Mobile Cyworld” users has exceeded 1 million, being far ahead of other mobile services like Mobile Daum Café (0.14 million) or Mobile Naver Blog (0.1 million). At the same time the average monthly page view of mobile CyWorld is 350 million which results in the fact that on average a user visits mobile CyWorld eleven times a day or basically once an hour.

65% of the users are female and 50% of the users are between 19-25 years old. Besides writing messages to their friends’ “Minihompy”, sending pictures which have been taken by mobile to their own “Minihompy”. Over a million photos are sent like that monthly resulting in nice data related revenue for SK Telecom. These are usage patterns other MNOs and service providers dream of. Due to age segment specific marketing activities SK Telecom is able to design customized service offerings which add significant value to the customer experience. At the same time it is combined with adequate pricing, e.g. it has a flatrate for usage of mobile CyWorld being very attractive to the younger target group.

Recently the National Internet Development Agency of Korea conducted a survey about mobile internet usage among 3000 Koreans aged 12-59. In the last year approx. 27% of all participants used mobile internet at least once a month and 22% used their mobile to access it. Moreover Koreans use mobile internet quite long, with almost 40% of the users staying online for more than 5 minutes. So far only around 3% use mobile broadband like WCDMA or WiBro but 25% intend to use mobile broadband in the future. However so far especially Wibro has not been performing all too well yet.

The top three reasons to use mobile internet are the ability to access it wherever (78%) or whenever (62%) and in order to just “kill the time” (56%). Most participants use it for entertainment purposes (92%), especially downloading ringtones, listenting to streamed music of for games, followed by commercial services (65%), such as MMS, e-mail and accessing CyWorld. Lastly 41% of the participants who are not using mobile internet at the moment are planning to use it in the future resulting in an expected usage of 66%. This perspective truly looks very promising for MNOs and service providers. However one key challenge will be to offer innovative services in order to attract and maintain users. So for MNOs in the Western world which try to educate users to use data related services more intensively Korea is a good window into the future to learn which services are embraced and which are not.

Just like many Asian markets Korea also has its local champions which are preferred by users over Western giants. As you might know naver.com is by far the most popular search engine in Korea, another example is the NateOn messenger which according to Koreanclick.com has approximately twice as many users as MSN (13 million vs. 6 million as of February 2007). However one peculiar fact about local Korean champions is that they are not just localized copies of Western archetypes but often times leading in terms of functionality and value added services.

While both interfaces look quite similar with link tabs to selected services which are likely to be sold to interested companies. NateOn goes one step further in usage options and possibilities to generate new revenues. One additional option is that you can transfer money to existing contacts without even knowing their account number, which makes NateOn an alternative to conduct on-line payments.

Another interesting feature is the so called “Gifticon”. This artificial word made of “gift” and “icon” is an innovative service provided by SK Telecom and is something like a voucher you can send to your friends’ mobile which they can then exchange for goods, like e.g. a cup of coffee at Starbucks. A detailed explanation of “Gifticons” can be found on another blog about Korea called www.mobileinkorea.com. Launched in December 2006 the “Gifticon” service has undergone a tremendous development. It started with turnover of approx. 50.000 USD and reached approximately 700.000 USD in August 2007, this equals a monthly growth rate of 39%. Since “Gifticons” are vouchers for designated partners these figures translate directly in higher sales.

Lastly I would like to mention the interconnection to SK owned CyWorld, Koreas leading social networking site, and NateOn. You can easily link your mini homepage to your contact details enabling your friends to visit you and get update alerts once you update your page. This turns NateOn to a tool to keep up to date with your important contacts without even visiting the respective social networking site.

Many people from all over the world claim that Korea is the most strong player in Mobile TV. True. But by what means?

If we look at the numbers of who use mobile TV in Korea, the answer is 'YES'. (Now more than 7 million people watch mobile TV in Korea). From the point of profitable business, Korea still has long way to go. Despite the fact that mobile TV exists for more than two years in Korea, specific conditions of the Korean market hinder its development to full potential.

One simple explanation for this can be the putting 'Avoidable Efforts'. For example in Korea MNOs such as SK Telecom are competing against broadcasting companies such as KBS, MBC, SBS and more. This results not only in two competing standards and revenue models the subscription based S-DMB vs. the advertisement based T-DMB but also in the fact that some contents are only available for one of the respective standards. (Unfortunately Korean Regulatory bodies are divided to two entity, Telecom Committee and Broadcasting Committee. Due to this current condition, each side are making strong tension on the ownership of 'Killer Contents. We will try to elaborate this during our forthcoming report on 'Mobile TV'.)

Secondly SK Telecom nowadays is not sure which standard it should support in the future, either S-DMB or HSDPA or another new technology standard such as Mobile Wimax (which is known in Korea as WiBro). Despite a solid user base and revenues S-DMB is quite far away from reaching break even. So MNOs should wisely decide how they can optimize their products Portfolio using different technology standard in order to make the best use of Mobile TV. Actually Mobile TV has very broad definition, and from the customer perspective they do not care what standard they use say DMB, WiBro, HSDPA, Streaming Technology. It is all about providing the most desirable customer experience to the customers.

Another reason why mobile TV is not more successful than now in Korea is Koreans’ affinity to technology and gadgets. On the one hand one could argue that mobile TV is popular in Korea because of this affinity but on the other hand there are various substitutes which can satisfy similar needs. For example we have so called portable media players (PMP), which are comparable to a very small portable PC. People use these PMPs to watch TV programs they have recorded the day before on their HDD drive. So while some factors such as PMP players may not be applicable to Western markets, MNOs and broadcasters should try to avoid cannibalization and ruinous competition in order to fully exploit opportunities in mobile TV business.